Firing pin and extractor mechanism for firearms

ABSTRACT

A FIRING AND EXTRACTING MECHANISM FOR SEMI-AUTOMATIC AND AUTOMATIC FIREARMS IN WHICH A SINGLE UNITARY ELEMENT PERFORMS BOTH FIRING AND EXTRACTING FUNCTIONS IN SEQUENCE IN CONJUNCTION WITH MOVEMENT OF THE BOLT ON WHICH THE ELEMENT IS CARRIED. THE ELEMENT IS MOUNTED ON THE BOLT FOR COMPOUND MOVEMENT RELATIVE THERETO, BOTH LONGITUDINALLY OF THE BOLT AND PIVOTALLY THEREOF ABOUT AN AXIS TRANSVERSE TO THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF THE BOLT SO THAT A FIRING PORTION   OF THE ELEMENT CAN ENGAGE THE REAR FACE OF A CARTRIDGE FOR FIRING IT AND AN EXTRACTOR PORTION CAN ENGAGE THE RIM OF THE CARTRIDGE FOR EXTRACTING IT FROM THE FIRING CHAMBER.

Sept 23, l971 R. E. DIECKMANN 3,608,223

FIRING PIN AND EXTRACTOR MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS TTO/P/VEY Septv 28, lg?? R. E. DIECKMANN FIRLNG PIN AND EXTRCTOR MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS Filed Nov. 8. 1968 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 3,. WM5 Z0 W0 O f8@ ////5{//////////////////%/ lnited States Pater 3,608,223 FIRING PIN AND EXTRACTOR MECHANISM FOR FlREARMS Ralf E. Dieckmann, Stratford, Conn., assignor to Bridgeport Firearms Company, Monroe, Conn. Filed Nov. 8, 1968, Ser. No. 774,325 llnt. Cl. F41c 1.5/00

U.S. Ci. 42-25R 6 Claims ABSTRACT 0F THE L'SCLOSURE A firing and extracting mechanism for semi-automatic and automatic firearms in which a single unitary element performs both firing and extracting functions in sequence in conjunction with movement of the bolt on which the element is carried. The element is mounted on the bolt for compound movement relative thereto, both longitudinally of the bolt and pivotally thereof about an axis transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bolt so that a tiring portion of the element can engage the rear face of a cartridge for firing it and an extractor portion can engage the rim of the cartridge for extracting it from the firing chamber.

CROSS REFERENCES This application discloses and claims an improvement on the invention of my U.S. Pat. No. 3,276,323, issued Oct. 4, 1966, for Semi-Automatic Pistol, now reissue Pat. No. Re. 26,872.

This application also discloses subject matter relating to a further improvement on the invention of my above noted patent when subject matter is disclosed and claimed in my latter tiled co-pending application Ser. No. 10,531, filed Feb. 1l, 1970.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates generally to improvements in small hand held semi-automatic and automatic firearms, and more particularly to a novel construction for a firing pin and extractor mechanism for such firearms.

It is well known in the art to which the present invention relates, as evidenced by U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,014,303 and 3,142,923 to provide a bolt or breechblock which recipro- Cates within the slide chamber of a receiver between a forwardly disposed closed or firing position and a rearwardly disposed open or ejecting and loading position. In the closed position, a cartridge is disposed in a firing Chamber adjacent the rearward end of a barrel, and a suitable hammer or striker mechanism imparts a sudden forward irnpact movement to a firing pin which strikes the rear end of the cartridge to re it. The reactive force of the explosion forces the cartridge and the bolt rearwardly toward the ejecting and loading position, during which the bolt cocks the hammer or striker mechanism for the next operation of the firearm, and an extractor claw or hook assists in maintaining contact between the rear face of the cartridge and the forward end or face of the bolt to assure that the spent cartridge is fully withdrawn from the firing chamber and is properly ejected from the slide chamber just before the bolt reaches the rearward end of its stroke. At this instant a fresh cartridge is moved into loading position in a magazine and is injected into the slide chamber from the magazine by the bolt as the latter moves iforwardly in response to a compression spring which was compressed during the rearward movement of the bolt. The bolt seats the cartridge in the tiring chamber with the extracting claw in engagement with the rim of the cartridge so that the parts are ready for the next firing operation.

The conventional ring pin and extractor structure of the prior art, as exemplified by the above noted patents, is

ice

to provide separate firing pin and extractor members, each independently mounted on the bolt and for different types of movement relative to the bolt. Thus the firing pin, whether of the so-called center fire or rim iire types, is mounted either centrally or offset on the bolt relative to the longitudinal axis thereof by means which provides for limited reciprocable movement of the tiring pin relative to the bolt in order that the hammer can impart a forward sudden impact movement to the ring pin while the bolt remains stationary in the slide chamber in the firing position. The firing pin is normally spring urged rearwardly to assure a full stroke thereof when the rear end of the ring pin is struck by the hammer or striker, and to assure that the rear end of the firing pin is exposed beyond at least an intermediate rear face of the bolt and is in the path of movement of the hammer.

The extractor element is customarily mounted on or adjacent a lateral edge of the bolt by means which provides for pivotal movement of the extractor about an axis such that a hook portion of the extractor element moves toward and away from the peripheral edge of the rim of the cartridge. The extractor element is customarily spring urged in a direction to maintain the hook portion engaged with the cartridge rim, and the hook portion is so shaped that when the bolt engages the rear face of the cartridge the hook portion rides over the rim to engage therewith so that it will withdraw the cartridge on rearward movement of the bolt. The extractor is mounted either on the same side of the bolt as the firing pin when the latter is offset if there is an independent ejector element, or it may be mounted on the opposite side of the bolt if the firing pin also functions as the ejector.

While these prior art mechanisms have, for the most part, operated satisfactorily, there are certain inherent disadvantages in these mechanisms, such as the plurality of parts, the individual mounting means on the bolt, the shaping and machining often required in the receiver to accommodate the extractor and the diculty and complexity of disassembly of the firing mechanism components for service or repair.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION I have discovered that the tiring pin and extractor mechanisms of prior art guns can be greatly simplified and the foregoing disadvantages largely or entirely overcome by combining the ring pin and extractor elements into a single unitary member which is mounted on the bolt by means which provides for compound movement of the member so as to accomplish both functions.

Thus, in one of its broader aspects, the ring pin and extractor mechanism of the present invention comprises an elongate bolt having forward and rearward ends relative to the corresponding ends of the receiver within which the bolt is adapted to reciprocate between a closed firing position in which the forward end of the bolt is adjacent a firing chamber and an open ejecting and loading position in which the forward end of the bolt is adjacent a cartridge magazine. There is an elongate member carried by the bolt for reciprocating movement with the bolt, and there is means for mounting the elongate member on the bolt for limited reciprocable movement relative to the bolt and longitudinally thereof, and for limited pivotal movement relative to the bolt about an axis extending transversely thereof. A firing means is disposed on the elongate member adjacent the front end of the bolt for tiring a cartridge in response to sudden forward impact movement of the elongate member, and an extractor means is disposed on the elongate member forwardly of the firing means for engaging the rim of a cartridge in response to pivotal movement of the elongate member about the transverse axis, whereby the elongate member operates both to fire a cartridge in the firing chamber when the elongate member is moved forwardly when the bolt is in the firing position and to extract the spent cartridge from the firing chamber when the bolt is moved from the firing position toward the ejecting and loading position.

In some of the more limited aspects of the present invention, the elongate member is formed with the extractor means and the firing means formed integrally therewith such that a unitary member performs the dual functions of tiring the cartridge and then extracting the spent cartridge. Also, the extractor is a hook shaped portion which preferably is laterally offset from the body of the firing pin so as to avoid damage to an extremely thin wall portion of the breech end of the barrel which separates the ring chamber from a slit formed in the breech end of the barrel to accommodate the extractor. However, the extractor hook may be formed in longitudinal alignment with the main body portion of the ring pin with the ring portion of the pin being laterally offset from the body of the firing pin for the same purpose.

Having briey described the general nature of the present invention, it is a principal object thereof to provide a new and improved construction of tiring pin and extractor mechanism for small semi-automatic and automatic firearms.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a firing pin and extractor mechanism in which the cartridge firing and extracting functions are performed by a single unitary member carried by a reciprocating bolt.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a firing pin and extractor mechanism in which heretofore separate parts are combined into a single element or are entirely eliminated without the loss of their functions.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a firing pin and extractor mechanism in which both a tiring pin and an extractor hook are integrally formed in closely adjacent relationship on one end of an elongate member so as to reduce the space required within the receiver chamber.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a ring pin and extractor mechanism which achieves al1 of the functions of prior art mechanisms yet is greatly simplified thereover, which is more economical to manufacture, is more reliable in operation and is easier to disassemble and reassemble for service or repair than comparable prior art mechanisms.

These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be more readily apparent from an understanding of the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. l is a partially longitudinal cross sectional View of a semi-automatic pistol embodying the principles of the present invention, with the bolt being shown closed but with the firing mechanisms in the uncocked position;

FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing the bolt in the open position;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary cross sectional view of the firing mechanism in the cocked position;

FIG. 4 is a rear elevational view of the pistol with the striker assembly removed;

FIG. 5 is a rear elevational view of the end of the barrel with the barrel removed from the pistol;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view through the bolt assembly with the assembly removed from the pistol, taken on the line 7 7 of FIG. 4; and

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the assembly shown in FIG. 7.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring now to the drawings and particularly to FIGS. l and 2 thereof, there is shown a pistol-type firearm 10 which comprises a receiver 12 having a forward end 14, a rearward end 16 and a longitudinal bore extending through the receiver between the ends 14 and 16 and defining a slide chamber 18 for a reciprocating bolt assembly generally designated by the numeral 20 and more fully described hereinbelow. A handgrip 22 is mounted on the receiver 12 beneath the slide chamber 18 and generally adjacent the rear end 16 of the receiver, the handgrip 22 having forward and rearward sides 24 and 26 respectively and a lower butt end 28 and being inclined upwardly and forwardly in the conventional manner of a pistol.

A barrel 30 is mounted in the forward end 14 of the receiver 12, an intermediate portion 32 of the barrel being threadedly engaged with the forward end of the receiver 12, a forward portion 34 of the barrel projecting from the receiver 12 and a rearward portion 36 of the barrel extending into the slide chamber 18. The rear end 38 of the barrel 30 is disposed at a location substantially rearwardly of the upper end 40 of the forward side 24 of the handgrip 22 and defines a firing chamber 42 for a cartridge 44 which is inserted thereinto by the bolt assembly 20 hereinafter described. A bore 46 extends through the barrel 30 from the firing chamber 42 to the forward end of the barrel 30.

A lower portion 48 of the receiver which forms a portion of the handgrip is provided with a guideway 50 for receiving a cartridge magazine 52, the guideway and magazine, when inserted, both extending from the forward side 24 of the handgrip 22 rearwardly and upwardly. The upper end of the magazine 52 projects through an openingr 54 formed in the underside of the slide chamber 18 just far enough so that a cartridge position in the upper end of the magazine 52 is disposed in the path of a portion of the bolt assembly 2t) in order to strip the uppermost cartridge from the magazine 52 `and insert the cartridge into the firing chamber 42. This action is described in more detail in connection with the description of the bolt assembly 20 and the operation of the firearm. The magazine 52 is provided with a follower which is urged upwardly by a spring in conventional manner and therefore not shown to feed successive cartridges to the upper end of the magazine as they are stripped therefrom and fired.

The rearward end 16 of the receiver 12 is partially closed by a striker assembly generally designated by the numeral 60. The specific details of the striker assembly and the details of the manner in which this assembly is mounted in the receiver are not pertinent to the present invention, since these details comprise the subject matter of the invention claimed in my above identified later led copending application. Although any suitable striker assembly may be used with the firing pin and extractor mechanism of the present invention, for the convenience of the present disclosure my preferred and novel striker assembly is disclosed to the extent necessary to an understanding of this invention.

Accordingly, and referring now to FIG. 3, the striker assembly 60 comprises a hammer 62 which is pivotally mounted by a pin 64 on the rearward portion of an elongated body member `616 which is mounted in the receiver 12 adjacent the rear end of the slide chamber 18. The hammer has a bore 68 within which is received a -spring 70 which acts on a plunger 72 bearing on a cross pin 74 adjacent the rear end of the body member 66. The spring tends to forcibly urge the hammer `62 to a position in which the striking surface 76 of the hammer `62 is above and at substantially a 90 angle to the longitudinal axis of the body member 66 as seen in FIG. 1. The hammer can be pivoted to a cocked position in which the striking surface 76 is almost parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body member as seen in FIGS. 2 and 3.

A sear 78 is pivotally mounted by a pin 80 on an intermediate portion of the body member 66, the sear having a rearwardly facing nose 82 which engages with a shoulder 84 formed on the body of the hammer y62 when the latter is moved against the force of the spring 70 to the cocked position, thereby maintaining the harnmer 62 in this position. The sear 78 has a forwardly projecting actuating portion 86 adapted to be engaged by a portion of a trigger assembly generally indicated by the numeral 88, as more fully described below, in order to rock the sear 78 in a counterclockwise direction to release the hammer 62 for tiring. A suitable spring 89 urges the sear 78 in a clockwise direction so that the nose 82 will reengage with the shoulder `84 on the hammer 62 when the latter is again moved to the cocked 'position of FIG. 2.

The trigger assembly 88 for actuating the sear 78 comprises generally a trigger 90 pivotally mounted on the receiver 12 by a pin 92 adjacent .the upper end of the forward side 24 of the handgrip 22. An elongate trigger lever 94 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 3) is mounted on the outer surface of the lower portion 48 of the receiver 12 beneath the slide chamber 18 by means of a slot 96 (FIG. l) formed in an intermediate portion of the trigger lever 94 which engages with a shaft 98 passing through the slot 96 and through the receiver. The shaft 98 is part of a combined magazine release and safety mechanism which forms no part of the present invention, and the details of which are not necessary to an understanding of this invention. The trigger lever 94 can both -pivot about the shaft 98 and reciprocate within the limits of the shaft and slot connection for a purpose to be made clear hereinafter. The trigger lever 94 is also held on the receiver 12 by a projecting portion of the handgrip which overlies the trigger lever 94, as best seen in FIG. 2.

The trigger lever 94 has a tail portion 100 which projects through an opening 102 in the receiver and extends rearwardly to a position where the rearmost end 104 is over the actuating portion 86 of the sear 78. The trigger lever 94 also has a nose portion 106 which projects through another opening 108 in the receiver and terminates at a position where the foremost end 110 is adapted to be engaged by a rearwardly extending arm 112 of the trigger 90 which is disposed rearwardly of the trigger pivot -pin 92. As best seen in FIG. 3, the trigger arm normally engages with the undersurface of the foremost end 110 of the trigger lever 94 so that when the trigger 90 is pulled, the arm 112 pivots the trigger lever 94 in a clockwise direction to cause the rearmost end 104 to press downwardly on the sear 78 thereby releasing the hammer for tiring. A suitable spring (not shown) urges the trigger lever 94 in a counterclockwise direction. Also, a suitable spring 116 acting on a plunger 118 which engages the trigger 90 below the pivot pin 92 urges the trigger forwardly. Finally, a conventional trigger guard loop 120 is suitably formed with or connected to the re ceiver 12.

The principles of the present invention are embodied in the bolt assembly 20 now to be described which comprises the novel tiring pin and extractor mechanism of the invention. The assembly 20, as best seen in FIGS. 2, 4, 7 and 8 comprises particularly an elongate bolt 122 which is shaped to conform generally to the interior conguration of the slide chamber 18 and to reciprocate therein. The bolt 122 has a forward end 124 and a rear end 126 which projects through the rear end 16 of the receiver and closes the remaining portion of the rear end of the slide chamber 18 not closed by the striker assembly `60. The rear end 126 of the bolt 122 is provided with a grasping means 128 (FIGS. 4 and `8) whereby the bolt can be pulled back manually for cocking the firearm preparatory to tiring.

The bolt 122 is provided with an elongate slot 130 which extends from the forward end 124 to an intermediate rearwardly facing wall 132, the slot opening to the peripheral wall 134 of the bolt and having a bottom wall 6 136, the slot extending approximately half way through the bolt.

A firing means and an extracting means is provided on an elongate member which is mounted on the bolt for movement therewith and for compound movement relative thereto so that this member can perform both the functions of firing a cartridge in the tiring chamber and extracting the spent cartridge therefrom for movement to an ejecting position and assisting in ejecting the spent cartridge from the slide chamber. Thus, the elongate member 138 is disposed within the slot 130 and is mounted on the bolt 122 for limited reciprocable movement relative to the bolt 122 longitudinally thereof, and for limited pivotal movement relative to the bolt 122 about an axis extending transversely thereof. The member 138 is a combined firing pin and extractor, and, with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, is seen to comprise an elongate midportion 140, a forwardly facing tiring portion 142 for striking the rear face of the cartridge 44 in the firing chamber adjacent the rim of the cartridge, and a tail portion 144 adapted to be struck by the striking surface 76 of the hammer 62 (note FIGS. 2 and 3). It will be seen that the member 138 from firing portion 142 to tail portion 144 is a little longer than the distance between the forward end 124 and the intermediate wall 132 of the bolt.

The midportion of the member 138 is provided with a longitudinal slot 146 through which passes a pin 148 carried in a lateral bore 150 passing through the bolt 122. When the member 138 is disposed in place in the slot 130 of the bolt, a small spring 152 is disposed in the slot 146 of the member 138 between the pin 148 and the rear end of the slot 146 and is held therein by the side walls of the slot 130, thereby normally urging the member 138 rearwardly relative to the bolt 122 so that the tail portion 144 of the member 138 normally projects beyond the intermediate wall 132 in position to be struck by the hammer 62. The member 138 can reciprocate relative to the bolt 122 over the limited distance permitted by the slot 146 and pin 148 connection between the member 138 and the bolt 122. the tiring portion 142 being adjacent the forward end 124 of the bolt 122 when the member 138 is in its normal spring urged position.

The elongate member 138 is also provided with a hook shaped portion 154 which is disposed forwardly of the tiring portion 142, the hook shaped portion 154 being an extractor for engaging a peripheral surface portion of the rim of a cartridge 44 to assist in removing the cartridge from the tiring chamber and in ejecting it from the slide chamber 18 as more clearly described below in connection with the operation of the firearm. The extractor 154 is preferably formed integrally with the member 138, and, as best seen in FIG. 8, is laterally offset from the firing portion 142 of the member 138, although this feature is not absolutely necessary to the accomplishment of the invention. The advantage, however, of this feature is that it helps to protect and extend the life of the thin wall portion of the barrel adjacent the rear end of the firing chamber. More particularly, as seen in FIGS. 5, 6 and 8, the rear end 38 of the barrel 30 is provided with a slot 156 having a tapered bottom 158 which defines the separating wall between the tiring chamber 42 and the slide chamber 18. Since the tiring portion 142 of the member 138 is very closely adjacent the extractor hook 154, this being a so-called rim tire type of tiring mechanism, the rear edge of the wall 158 would necessarily be very thin in order to permit the extractor hook to engage with the narrow rim of the cartridge with the result that if the extractor 154 were directly over the tiring portion 142, repeated impact of the firing portion 142 on this wall would damage it and eventually permit explosion of the cartridge wall into the slot 156. By ottsetting the extractor hook from the tiring portion 142 of the member 138, the tiring portion 142 makes contact with a solid portion of the rear end 38 of the barrel which is out of alignment with the thin wall portion underlying the slot 156 so that the latter is not subject to damage from repeated blows by the cartridge rim in the area of striking by the firing portion 1412. It should be understood, as has been indicated hereinabove, that it is not significant whether, for the purpose of the invention, the extractor hook is offset from the body of the elongate member 138 or the firing portion 142 is so offset with the extractor hook being in alignment with the body of the elongate member, so long as the arrangement is such that the extractor hook and the firing portion are offset with respect to each other so that firing impact does not occur on the thin wall portion underlying the slot 156.

In order to effect proper engagement between the extractor 154 and the cartridge rim, the member 138 can pivot about the pin 148, and is-urged in a counterclockwise direction about the pin 148 by a spring 160 acting on a plunger 161 received in abore 162 in the bolt 122 in the bottom of the slot-13() and adjacent-the-tail portion 144 of the member 138. It will be noted from FIG. 7 that the member 138 is supported by the pin 148 with the bottom edge of the member 138 spaced a small distance from the bottom 136 of the slot 131) so that the member 138 can pivot about the pin 148 between positions limited by the front and rear ends of the member 138 contacting the bottom of the slot 130. The forward face of the hook portion 154 is shaped to form a camming surface 155 which rides over the cartridge rim during forward movement of the bolt assembly 20 against the force of the spring 160 and then engages over a peripheral portion of the cartridge rim in response to the force of the spring 160.

Thus it is seen that the single unitary member 138 can both reciprocate and pivot relative to the bolt 122 to perform both the functions of firing the cartridge and extracting it from the firing chamber, as well as assisting in ejecting it from the chamber, as more clearly seen below.

In order to urge the bolt assembly 20 forwardly in the slide chamber 18 and to maintain the parts thereof in their normal firing position, the bolt 122 is provided with a forwardly projecting portion 170 (FIGS. l and 2) having a pair of resilient fingers 172 which define a gripping means for a rod 174 removably held in longitudinal alignment with the bolt 122. A coil spring 176 is mounted on the rod 174 with its forward end bearing against the rear end of the resilient fingers 172 and with its rear end bearing against a retaining member 178 secured to the rear end of the rod 174. The securing member 178 is adapted to bear against the forward side of a pin 179 which passes through the receiver 12 so as to prevent rearward movement of the rod 174. Thus it will be seen that the spring 176 exerts a forwardly directed force on the bolt 122 and is compressed between the resilient fingers 172 and the retaining member 178 when the bolt 122 moves rearwardly either under manual actuation or as a result of firing as more fully explained below.

The operation of the firearm will now be described with reference to the drawings. Assuming the parts are in the position shown in FIG. 1, the firearm is cocked by manually pulling rearwardly on the bolt assembly by means of the grasping portion 128. As the bolt 122 moves rearwardly, the lower edge of the intermediate wall 132 pivots the hammer 62 in a clockwise direction far enough to permit the nose portion 82 of the sear 78 to engage with the shoulder 84 on the hammer 62, thereby locking the hammer 62 in the cocked position. Also rearward movement of the bolt assembly compresses the spring 176 on the rod 174. When the bolt 122 reaches its full rearward position, the uppermost cartridge can move up to the top of the magazine 52, this movement having been previously obstructed by a key portion 180 (FIGS. 2 and 7) of the underside of the bolt riding within the cartridge retaining means 182 at the top of the magazine as is well known in the art.

When the bolt assembly 20 is released, the compressed spring 176 forces the bolt assembly forwardly with sufficient force to strip the topmost cartridge from the magazine by engagement with the forward end 124 of the bolt and to move the cartridge into the firing chamber 42. The elongate member is now disposed with its firing portion 142 adjacent the rear face of the cartridge, with its tail portion 144 projecting beyond the intermediate wall 132, and with the extractor hook 154 engaged `with the peripheral surface of the cartridge rim after having been pivotally cammed thereover during forward movement of the bolt, i.e., the positions in which the member 138 is normally urged by the springs 152 and 160 respectively. The firearm 10 is now in condition to be fired.

When the trigger 91) is. pulled rearwardly, the trigger n arm 112V engages with and rocks the trigger lever 94-in a clockwise direction to cause the latter to rock the sear 78 in a counterclockwise direction, thereby withdrawing the nose 82 of the sear 78 from the shoulder 84 of the hammer 62 to allow the latter to pivot upwardly under the force of the compressed spring 70. The striking surface 76 of the hammer 62 strikes the tail portion 144 of the member 138 with tremendous impact and moves the member 138 forwardly to cause the firing portion 142 to fire the cartridge in a known manner. The reaction force of the explosion forces the spent cartridge and the entire bolt assembly 20 rearwardly in the slide chamber 18 during which the striking assembly 60 is again cocked as described above.

During the rearward movement of the bolt assembly 20, a camming surface 184 disposed on the rear end of the forwardly projecting portion of the bolt 122 engages with a camming surface 186 on the trigger lever 94 just rearwardly of the portion thereof which engages with the trigger arm 112 so as to push the trigger lever rearwardly until the portion 110 is disengaged from the trigger arm 112. The trigger lever can then pivot back to its normal position under the influence of the spring provided for this purpose to disengage the tail portion 104 of the trigger lever from the actuating portion 86 of the sear, thereby permitting the sear to lock the hammer in the cocked position as described above. When the trigger 90 is released, the trigger arm 112 moves downwardly underneath the forward portion of the trigger lever 94 whereupon the latter moves forwardly to reengage the trigger arm 112 with the trigger lever for the next firing operation. If it were not for this disconnecting mechanism, the Sear 78 could not lock the hammer in the cocked position and the firearm would automatically continue to fire cartridges until the supply thereof became exhausted. It is this disconnect-or mechanism, known per se in the art, which makes the present firearm semi-automatic rather than automatic.

When the bolt assembly 20 has reached an intermediate position in its rearward movement, i.e., a position in which the spent cartridge is substantially over the upper end of the magazine 52, the cartridge strikes an abutment member or ejector 188 (FIG. 3) which is located in the slide chamber 18 so as to engage the rear face of the cartridge on the side thereof diametrically opposite the portion of the cartridge engaged by the extractor hook 154. Thus the spent cartridge cannot move any further rearwardly within the slide chamber 18. Since the bolt continues to move further rearwardly, the extractor hook 154 pulls on one side of the cartridge rim against the obstructing effect of the ejector 188 on the opposite side of the cartridge rim with the result that the cartridge is pivoted toward the side of the receiver and forcibly ejected therefrom through an opening 190 provided in the receiver 12 for this purpose. The bolt assembly 20 then continues to its rearwardmost position to allow another cartridge to rise in the magazine 52 to the uppermost position therein, whereupon the spring v176 forces the bolt assembly 20 to strip the next cartridge from the magazine 52 and insert it into the firing chamber 42 as de scribed above, thereby again conditioning the firearm 10 for the next firing operation.

It is apparent from the foregoing that there is provided an improved tiring pin and extractor mechanism for firearms which effectively avoids the disadvantages of prior art tiring mechanisms and which achieves the foregoing objects of the invention. It is to be understood that the device described and shown in this specication is merely illustrative of the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the principles of the present invention, and is susceptible to change in form, size, detail and arrangement of parts, the invention being intended to cover all such variations, modifications and equivaients thereof as may be deemed to be within the scope of the claims appended hereto.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

ll. A liring and extracting mechanism for firearms comprising (A) an elongate bolt having forward and rearward ends, said bolt being adapted to reciprocate within the receiver of a firearm between a firing position in which said forward end of said bolt is adjacent a tiring chamber and an ejecting and loading portion in which said forward end of said bolt is adjacent a cartridge magazine,

(B) an elongate member carried by said bolt for reciprocating movement therewith,

(C) means mounting said member on said bolt for limited reciprocable movement relative to said bolt longitudinal-ly thereof, and for limited pivotal movement relative to said bolt about an axis extending transversely thereof,

(D) ring means disposed on said member adjacent said front end of said bolt for ring a cartridge in response to sudden forward impact movement of said member, and

(E) extractor means disposed on said member forwardly of said firing means for engaging the rim of a cartridge in response to pivotal movement of Said member about said transverse axis, whereby said member operates both to re a cartridge in said ring chamber when said member is moved forwardly when said bolt is in said firing position and to extract the spent cartridge from the firing chamber when 10 said bolt is moved from said tiring position toward said ejecting and loading position.

2. A tiring pin and extracting mechanism according to claim 1 wherein said extractor means and said firing means are angularly offset relative to each other.

3. A tiring pin and extractor mechanism according to claim 1 wherein said ring means is constituted by the front end of said elongate member and said extractor means comprises a hook shaped portion of said elongate member disposed adjacent and forwardly of said front end of said elongate member and formed integrally therewith.

4. A firing pin and extractor mechanism according to claim 3 wherein said hook shaped portion is laterally offset relative to the longitudinal axis of said elongate member.

5. A firing pin and extractor mechanism according to claim 1 wherein said mounting means comprises cooperating pin and slot means on said bolt and said elongate member respectively and defining a limited path of reciprocatory and pivotal movement of said elongate member relative to said bolt, and yieldable means simultaneously urging said elongate member rearwardly relative to said bolt and angularly relative thereto in a direction tending to move said extractor toward the position occupied by said firing means.

6. A tiring pin and extractor mechanism according to claim 5 wherein said mounting means further includes an elongate slot formed in said bolt and extending between said forward and rearward ends of said bolt, said slot having a bottom wall and opening to the peripheral surface of said bolt, said cooperating pin and slot means supporting said elongate member with the bottom edge of said elongate member spaced a relatively short distance from said bottom wall of said elongate slot in said bolt.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS lO/l909 Pedersen 42-25 7/1922 Declaye 42-25 

